Dab tsi yog Brushless Dc Tsav

 

A brushless DC lub cev muaj zog (BLDC)yog ib yam khoom mechatronic uas muaj lub cev muaj zog thiab tus tsav tsheb. Nws tseem hu ua "commutator tsawg lub cev muaj zog" vim nws tsis muaj txhuam thiab tsis muaj commutator (los yog lub nplhaib sib sau).

 

Keeb kwm ntawm brushless motors hnub rov qab mus rau lub xyoo pua puv 19. Thaum lub sij hawm ntawd, American inventor Nikola Tesla invented lub asynchronous lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv 1887. Txawm hais tias ib txhia xa mus rau lub asynchronous lub cev muaj zog raws li "ib tug ntawm cov predecessors ntawm brushless lub cev muaj zog," cov kev txwv ntawm lub sij hawm ua rau txoj kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev muaj zog txheej txheem kuj qeeb. . Nws tsis yog txog rau thaum nruab nrab ntawm lub xyoo pua 19th uas muaj kev tawg ntawm lub tshuab hluav taws xob tau tshwm sim nrog kev tsim thiab siv cov transistor. Los ntawm kev siv transistor commutation circuit es tsis txhob ntawm cov tsoos txhuam thiab commutator, electronically commutated DC motors tau yug los. Qhov tshiab brushless lub cev muaj zog tsis tsuas yog kov yeej cov kev tsis xws luag ntawm asynchronous lub cev muaj zog, tab sis kuj zoo heev txhim kho cov efficiency thiab kev ntseeg tau.

 

Niaj hnub no, brushless DC lub cev muaj zog tau siv dav hauv cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hauv tsev thiab kev lag luam automation vim nws qhov zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, kev tu qis thiab lub neej ntev.

 

 

1. Hom kev tswj ceev

Brushless lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem hloov cov tsoosbrushed DC lub cev muaj zograu kev tswj ceev, thiab txawm hloov cov kev tswj ceev ntawm inverter + inverter lub cev muaj zog lossis asynchronous lub cev muaj zog + reducer. Nws tsis xav tau cov cuab yeej hloov ceev ntxiv thiab ncaj qha paub txog kev tswj hwm kev ceev.

 

2. Carbon txhuam thiab txhuam lub nplhaib tsim

Brushed motors siv cov pa roj carbon txhuam thiab cov hlua khi kom paub txog kev sib kis ntawm hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, thiab cov khoom no yuav hnav nrog kev siv, ua kom cov haujlwm ua haujlwm zoo. Brushless motors, ntawm qhov tod tes, tshem tawm cov pa roj carbon txhuam thiab cov qauv ntiv nplhaib, tshem tawm qhov hnav thiab tsim kua muag ntawm cov khoom no thiab txhim kho lub neej kev pabcuam thiab kev ntseeg siab ntawm lub cev muaj zog.

 

3. Tsawg-ceev, ua haujlwm siab

Brushless motors tuaj yeem ua tiav cov khoom siv hluav taws xob siab ntawm qhov qis qis thiab tuaj yeem ncaj qha tsav cov khoom loj yam tsis muaj qhov txo qis, txo qhov nyuaj thiab qhov loj ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab.

 

4. Ntim thiab hnyav

Brushless motors yog me me thiab lub teeb yuag, tseem muaj lub zog tso zis ntau, uas ua rau lawv muaj txiaj ntsig zoo hauv cov khoom siv portable thiab compact.

 

5. Torque yam ntxwv

Lub brushless lub cev muaj zog zoo heev torque, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv qis thiab nruab nrab speeds. Nws lub siab pib torque thiab qis pib tam sim no ua rau nws haum rau daim ntawv thov scenarios uas yuav tsum tau nquag pib thiab nres.

 

6. Kev tswj ceev thiab kev muaj peev xwm ntau dhau

Brushless lub cev muaj zog muaj kev tswj hwm kev ceev nrawm, ntau yam kev tswj hwm ceev, thiab muaj peev xwm ua kom muaj zog tshaj, yoog mus rau ntau yam kev ua haujlwm nyuaj.

 

7. Pib thiab braking yam ntxwv

Brushless motors nrog zoo muag-pib thiab muag-nres cov yam ntxwv tuaj yeem tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm cov cuab yeej siv tshuab lossis electromagnetic braking, ntxiv rau qhov yooj yim ntawm cov txheej txheem.

 

8. Kev txuag hluav taws xob thiab kev txuag hluav taws xob

Brushless motors muaj txiaj ntsig zoo vim tias tsis muaj cov txhuam hniav los yog kev poob siab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim tias brushless motors tshem tawm qhov xav tau ntawm kev txo qis ntau theem, kev txuag hluav taws xob ua ke tuaj yeem yog 20% ​​mus rau 60% lossis siab dua.

 

9. Kev ntseeg tau thiab ruaj khov

Brushless motors ruaj khov, yooj yim kho thiab tswj, yoog raws, thiab ua tau zoo nyob rau hauv ntau qhov chaw hnyav, xws li lub sijhawm tawg thiab vibrating.

 

10. Suab nrov thiab lub neej

Brushless motors khiav ntsiag to thiab smoother, nrog tsawg vibration thiab suab nrov, thiab muaj lub neej ntev kev pab cuam tshaj li txhuam motors vim hais tias tsis muaj carbon txhuam los hnav.

 

11. Teeb thiab tawg

Brushed motors tuaj yeem tsim cov sparks vim yog kev sib cuag ntawm cov txhuam hniav, qhov txhuam tsis txhuam tsis muaj qhov teeb meem no thiab tshwj xeeb tshaj yog haum rau cov chaw uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev tiv thaiv tawg. Tsis tas li ntawd, brushless motors tuaj yeem xaiv nrog cov trapezoidal lossis sinusoidal magnetic teb raws li qhov yuav tsum tau ua kom ua tau zoo ntxiv.

 

 

Tom qab nkag siab txog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb thiab qhov zoo ntawm brushless DC lub cev muaj zog, peb yuav tsum nkag siab tias nws ua haujlwm li cas. Tsis zoo li cov txhuam hniav ib txwm siv, nws siv lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj kev tswj xyuas tam sim no thiab kev sib hloov los tsav lub rotor. Hauv qab no yog ib qho kev qhia txog yuav ua li cas lub brushless DC lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm thiab nws cov khoom tseem ceeb.

 

1. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob sib hloov

Lub hauv paus feature ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog DC yog qhov tsis muaj txhuam thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob pom nyob rau hauv cov pa motors. Hloov chaw, muaj ib qho kev sib txuas hauv hluav taws xob, uas yog tswj los ntawm PCB los ua ke. Lub kaw lus hloov cov kev taw qhia ntawm tam sim no raws li txoj haujlwm ntawm lub rotor, yog li ua kom muaj kev sib hloov tas li ntawm lub rotor. Txoj hauj lwm ntawm lub rotor feem ntau yog saib xyuas los ntawm Hall sensors lossis lwm qhov chaw ntes, thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob tsis tu ncua kho cov cua winding tam sim no raws li cov cim sensor.

 

2. Stator-rotor kev sib tshuam

Lub stator ntawm brushless DC lub cev muaj zog yog tsau thiab muaj ib tug stator core thiab windings qhov txhab nyob ib ncig ntawm nws. Thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov windings, ib qho rotating magnetic teb yog tsim. Qhov no magnetic teb generated los ntawm lub stator interacts nrog cov hlau nplaum (sib nqus hlau nplaum) nyob rau hauv lub rotor tsav lub rotor.

 

Stator:Lub stator windings tsim ib qho chaw electromagnetic rotates nrog tam sim no, uas yog tsav los ntawm ib qho hluav taws xob commutation controller.

 

Rotor:Lub rotor muaj cov hlau nplaum thiab lub rotor core. Thaum lub electromagnetic teb ntawm lub stator hloov, cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ntawm lub rotor yog raug rau kev txaus nyiam thiab kev ntxub ntxaug thiab pib tig.

 

3. Cov kauj ruam tseem ceeb hauv kev ua haujlwm

Pib:Thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm stator windings, cov hlau nplaum tsim los ntawm stator windings cuam tshuam nrog cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov ntawm lub rotor, tsim lub zog uas pib lub rotor spinning. Brushless motors muaj siab pib torque thiab kuj qis pib tam sim no.

 

Kev ua haujlwm tsis muaj load:Thaum tsis muaj kev thauj khoom sab nraud, lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab thiab lub tshuab hluav taws xob hloov kho tam sim no nyob rau hauv windings raws li cov lus qhia sensor kom lub rotor spinning tsis tu ncua.

 

Ua haujlwm hauv qab load:Thaum lub cev muaj zog txuas nrog lub nra, lub rotor yuav tsim ntau lub zog kom kov yeej lub nra. Lub tshuab hluav taws xob commutator tau hloov kho tam sim no raws li kev hloov pauv, kom ntseeg tau tias lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm zoo nyob rau hauv cov khoom sib txawv.

 

4. Torque yam ntxwv thiab kev tswj ceev

Brushless DC motors muab cov yam ntxwv zoo torque, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau qis thiab nruab nrab ceev. Vim lub stepless ceev tswj muaj nuj nqi thiab dav ceev ntau yam, lub cev muaj zog muaj peev xwm tswj tau ib tug ruaj khov torque tso zis ntawm txawv speeds. Cov yam ntxwv no ua rau BLDC motors haum rau ntau yam kev siv uas xav tau kev tswj xyuas siab, xws li kev lag luam automation thiab cov cuab yeej hluav taws xob.

 

5. Qhov zoo ntawm kev tswj hluav taws xob

Lub neej thiab kev ua haujlwm ntawm BLDC lub cev muaj zog tau txhim kho zoo heev vim yog lub tshuab hluav taws xob sib txuas uas hloov cov roj carbon txhuam thiab commutator nyob rau hauv cov pa motors. Tsis muaj txhuam kom hnav tawm hauv lub cev muaj zog, txo cov kev xav tau ntawm kev saib xyuas, nrog rau txo cov suab nrov thiab kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic. Tsis tas li ntawd, lub tshuab hluav taws xob tswj tau ua kom pib muag muag thiab muag muag, ua rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog thiab tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov qauv siv tshuab.

 

 

Hauv kev tsim cov txheej txheem ntawm brushless dc lub cev muaj zog, kev sib dhos ntawm cov khoom tseem ceeb yog lub hauv paus rau kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog. Cov hauv qab no yog cov qauv tsim thiab cov txheej txheem tsim khoom ntawm ib qho ntawm peb (VSD) sab hauv rotor brushless dc motors.

 

Taw qhia rau cov khoom tseem ceeb

1. pem hauv ntej kawg npog 2. vaj tse 3. windings 4. stator core

5. cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov 6. rotor core 7. rear winding bobbins thiab pem hauv ntej winding bobbins 8. pcb sib dhos

9. pem hauv ntej bearings thiab rear bearings 10. rear kawg npog 11. shafts 12. spacers thiab retaining rings

 

kev tsim khoom

Stator sib dhos

Ua ntej, lub stator core yog tsau nyob rau hauv vaj tse, ua raws li los ntawm winding windings ntawm lub stator core thiab siv pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab winding bobbins los kho cov windings kom paub meej tias cov coils yog ua raws li zoo thiab tsis cuam tshuam los ntawm sab nraud kev co los yog kev sib txhuam. Tom qab lub winding tiav lawm, lub PCB sib dhos yog txuas los muab kev txhawb nqa rau kev tswj hwm tam sim no thiab tswj lub cev muaj zog.

 

Rotor sib dhos

Cov hlau nplaum tas mus li raug ntsia rau ntawm lub rotor tub ntxhais kom paub meej tias haum. Lub rotor core yog tsau rau lub ncej kom paub meej qhov sib txawv ntawm cov hlau nplaum ruaj khov thiab cov stator windings kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo ntawm cov hlau nplaum.

 

Kev sib dhos ntawm bearings thiab lwm yam kev txhawb nqa

Txhim kho pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab bearings rau pem hauv ntej kawg cap thiab rear kawg cap los txhawb txoj kev sib hloov ntawm lub cev muaj zog ncej. Tsis tas li ntawd, nruab lub spacers thiab snap rings nyob rau hauv qhov chaw kom ntseeg tau tias cov bearings thiab lwm yam khoom muaj kev ruaj ntseg thiab tsis xoob.

 

Ua kom tiav lub tshuab ua ke

Sib sau cov ntaub ntawv, stator, rotor, ncej thiab pem hauv ntej thiab nram qab lub kaus mom ua ke ua ke. Xyuas kom meej tias txhua feem haum nruj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog qhov sib txawv ntawm lub stator thiab rotor yuav tsum raug kho kom meej kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog.

 

Test thiab Debugging

Tom qab lub cev muaj zog tau sib sau ua ke, lub cev muaj zog raug sim rau kev ua haujlwm, suav nrog kev ntsuas tsis muaj kev thauj khoom, kev ntsuas kev thauj khoom thiab kev ntsuas lub cev muaj zog, kom ntseeg tau tias lub cev muaj zog ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim thiab ua haujlwm zoo yam tsis muaj qhov txawv txav.

 

 

Txhawm rau kom ntseeg tau tias kev ua haujlwm zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm ruaj khov ntawm lub cev muaj zog brushless DC, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau xyuas cov xwm txheej ntawm lub cev muaj zog ib ntus. Cov hauv qab no yog cov hauv qab no rau kev kuaj xyuas lub cev tsis muaj zog dc:

 

1. Tsis muaj-load kuaj

Kev kuaj tsis muaj kev thauj khoom yog los xyuas qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog DC thaum tsis muaj kev sib txuas sab nraud los xyuas kom meej tias lub cev muaj zog yuav pib thiab khiav kom zoo. Cov kauj ruam yog raws li nram no:

 

Cov kauj ruam xeem:

Txuas lub cev muaj zog rau lub zog tsav, kom tsis txhob muaj kev cuam tshuam sab nraud.

 

Maj mam nce lub input voltage thiab saib seb lub cev muaj zog tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm zoo.

 

Saib xyuas lub cev muaj zog ceev thiab kev khiav hauj lwm tam sim no kom paub meej tias lub cev muaj zog ceev thiab tam sim no nyob rau hauv qhov zoo li qub rau qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob.

 

Cov chaw kuaj xyuas:

Puas yog lub cev muaj zog ua haujlwm zoo ntawm tag nrho cov voltage ntau.

 

Puas muaj suab nrov txawv txav lossis kub dhau thaum pib.

 

Txawm hais tias tsis muaj kev thauj khoom tam sim no ua tau raws li cov kev xav tau, yog tias tsis muaj cov khoom thauj tam sim no loj dhau, nws yuav qhia tau tias muaj kev ua txhaum ntawm lub winding lossis circuit.

 

2. Load test

Kev ntsuas kev thauj khoom yog los xyuas qhov kev ua tau zoo ntawm lub cev muaj zog hauv qab kom ntseeg tau tias nws tuaj yeem ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim. Cov haujlwm tshwj xeeb yog raws li hauv qab no:

 

Cov kauj ruam xeem:

Txuas lub cev muaj zog rau cov khoom siv sab nraud xws li cov tsav tsheb, cov khoom siv lossis cov khoom siv kuaj.

 

Khiav lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej sib txawv thiab sau qhov ceev, torque thiab tam sim no ntawm lub cev muaj zog.

 

Maj mam nce lub load thiab soj ntsuam cov lus teb thiab kev ruaj ntseg ntawm lub cev muaj zog nyob rau hauv txawv loads.

 

Cov chaw kuaj xyuas:

Txawm hais tias lub cev muaj peev xwm ua haujlwm tsis tu ncua ntawm kev ntsuas load.

 

Puas yog lub cev muaj zog tam sim no thiab lub zog hloov pauv raws li qhov xav tau thaum lub load nce.

 

Tshawb xyuas qhov txawv txav, overheating, los yog suab nrov, thiab xyuas kom meej tias lub cev muaj zog tsis degrading nyob rau hauv load.

 

3. Torque yam ntxwv kuaj

Torque Characterization Test yog los ntsuas lub zog torque ntawm lub cev tsis muaj zog DC ntawm qhov sib txawv los xyuas kom meej tias lub cev muaj peev xwm muab lub zog txaus thaum pib thiab ua haujlwm.

 

Cov kauj ruam xeem:

Siv cov cuab yeej ntsuas torque los saib xyuas lub cev muaj zog torque tso tawm ntawm qhov sib txawv ceev thiab thauj khoom.

 

Kuaj qhov pib torque ntawm lub cev muaj zog kom paub meej tias muaj lub zog txaus nrog qhov pib tam sim no.

 

Kuaj cov yam ntxwv torque ntawm lub cev muaj zog ntawm kev ua haujlwm qis thiab nruab nrab los xyuas seb cov qauv tsim puas tau ntsib.

 

Cov chaw kuaj xyuas:

Txawm hais tias muaj qhov pib torque txaus thaum pib los xyuas kom meej tias cov cuab yeej tuaj yeem pib ua haujlwm zoo.

 

Seb lub torque tseem ruaj khov ntawm qhov qis thiab nruab nrab ceev, thiab seb nws puas haum rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev muaj zog rau lub sijhawm ntev.

 

Txawm hais tias los yog tsis muaj qhov tsis ruaj khov torque tso tawm tshwm sim thaum lub sij hawm xeem yuav muaj feem xyuam rau lub winding los yog tswj Circuit Court tsis ua hauj lwm.

 

Los ntawm peb qhov kev ntsuam xyuas saum toj no, koj tuaj yeem tau txais kev nkag siab zoo ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm brushless DC lub cev muaj zog los xyuas kom meej tias nws tuaj yeem ua haujlwm ruaj khov thiab ntseeg tau raws li kev ua haujlwm sib txawv. Kev tshuaj xyuas tsis tu ncua pab lub sij hawm tshawb pom cov teeb meem uas muaj peev xwm thiab ua rau lub neej ua haujlwm ntev ntawm lub cev muaj zog.